Exhaust-steam injector



March 10, 1925, 1,528,760

' L. FRIEDMANN ET AL EXHAUST STEAM INJECTOR Filed Aug. 11, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 10, 1925.

UNITED vsra'rus PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS FRIEDMANN, EMANUEL BLAUI-IOBN, AND HANS DEUTSCH, OF VIENNA,

' AUSTRIA.

EXHA'lIST-STEAM INJECTOR.

To all whom it may concern: I,

Be it known that we, LOUIS FRIEDMANN, manufacturer, EMANUEL BLAUHORN, manager, HANS DEUTSQII, engineer, citizens of the Austrian Republic, residing at Vienna, in the Republic of Austria, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Exhaust-Steam Injectors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to exhaust steam injectors of the type which may be operated by exhaust steam and live steam simultaneously as well. as with live steam alone.

It essentially consists in an arrangement whereby the shutting oil members for the exhaust steam and for the water supply are controlled by the steam pressure.

In particular the invention comprises automatic means controlled by the steam pressure which are capable of shutting o'lt the exhaust steam branchleading to the steam.

chamber of the injector when the injector is fed with live steam alone.

According to the invention these automatic means consist of two non-return valves cooperating with each other, each of these .valves forming a stop for the other valve,

when it is resting on its seat.

Another feature of the invention consists in providinga live steam supply for feeding the exhaust steam cone otthe injector and an additional live steam supply for applying steam pressure to said automatic means and a distributing member for the alternate admission of live steam to the one or other of the said supply pipes. Another feature of the invention consists in controlling the water supply to the injector by means of the live steam'supplied to the live steam cone of the injector. In particular this control may be effected by a valve or other means arranged in the path of the live steam or in a room or chamber communicating therewith and capable of transmitting its l'lIt'Pt-lOlI to the water supply valve. This valve may also. control a passage arranged between the path of the live steam or the room or chamber communicatingtherewith and the water supply chamber of the in-,

' 14 by means of a passage 19, when the exjector.

A further feature of the'invention eonsists inarranging the water inlet to the water chamber surrounding the exhaust that it will be located above the axis of the exhaust steam cone. i

A further feature of the invention consists in that the casing of the injector is divided into two separate parts along a plane perpendicular to the axis of' the cones, one of said parts containing the live steam cone,'the exhaust steam cone and the mixing cone, while the other part contains the collecting cone and the delivery cone.

Further features will appear from the following detailed description of several modifications of the invention.

The accompanying drawings show two different modifications of the invention when applied to an exhaust steam injector for locomotives.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, A is the injector casing. which consists of two parts 1 and 2 which may be manufactured separately and are afterwards connected .by means of flanges or the like. 3 indicates the steam chamber of the injector, t is the water chamber and 5 the overflow chamber, 6 indicates the delivery chamber, 7 is the live steam cone, 8 the exhaust steam cone and 9 and 10 are the mixing cones. The injector moreover comprises a collecting cone 11 and a delivery cone 12. The exhaust steam is supplied by means of an exhaust steam branch 13 which leads. to an exhaust steam admission chamber 14:: A non-return valve 15 hereinafter called the exhaust steam admission valve is arranged within.

said room by means of which the steam chamber 3 may be effectively shut off from the admission chamber 14 and the exhaust steam branch 13. A pipe 16 hereinafter called the pressure pipe is arranged through which 'live steam from the locomotiveboiler from the main steam pipe leading'to the steam cylinders or from the steam chest may be admitted. The pressure pipe 16 leads to a chamber 17 in which a second non-return valve -18 hereinafter called the exhaust steam control valve is arranged. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 the chamber 17 is in communication with the exhaust steam admission chamber haust "steam' control valve 18 is lifted from its seat. The steam chamber 3 -or the exhaust steam branch 13 and the exhaust steam admission chamber 14 respectively are, however, shut 03 from the room 17 when the exhaust steam controlling valve is pressed against its seat and thus shuts the passage 19. The non-return valves and 18 are arranged in such a manner that whenever one of them rests on its seat, it forms a stop of the other valve and prevents it from coming down on its seat. One of the said non-return valves is therefore lifted, when the other is in its shut-off position. If for instance the pressure exerted on the nonreturn valve 15 independentlyof the fact whether this pressure is due to a weight or a spring or to the steam in the branch 13 or chamber 14 is greater than the pressure on the non-return valve 18 then the nonreturn valve 15 is closed; while the 'non-re-.

turn valve 18 is lifted and frees the passage 19, so that the fluid or medium contained in the pipe 16 for instance the condensate formed therein may freely escape. If equal pressures prevail in the chambers 17 and 11 .then the valve. 15 rests on its seat and the boiler may penetrate into the steam chamher 3.

As this live steam supply is only intended to form a substitute for the exhaust steam during the time intervals, within which no exhaust steam is available, it is necessary to reduce its-pressure before admitting it to the steam chamber and this is preferably done by throttling the steam already before it enters the auxiliary branch 20 by means of a reduced cross section" at its inlet. As shown in Fig. 1 the steam thus conveyed to the steam chamber may enter the said chamber through a series ofapertures 30 made in the wall of the branch within the steam chamber.

The two live steam pipes 16 and20 can only alternately be closed and opened by means of a distributing member 21. This distributing member is represented in Fig. 1 as a piston valve, but of course also other distributing members such as conchoidal slide valve, a fiat valve or a valve of the lift type or any other structure can be employed for this purpose.

The live steam cone 7 of the injector is supplied with live steam during the operation of the injector by a separate live steam branch 22 called the main live steam branch which maybe set in communication with the steam boiler. As shown in Fig. 1 a channel or passage 23 branches off from the main live steam branch 22 and leads to a chamber 24 in which a valve 25 of the lift type is arranged, hereinafter called the water supply control valve. The said valve controls a passage 26 leading to the water chamber 1 of the injector. It is pressed against its seat under the influence of the steam entering the main live steam pipe 22 and thereby also the room or chamber 24 by means of the passage 23. lVhcn thus moved against its seat it transmits its motion to the water admission valve 27, which. is thereby opened and frees the passage of the water coming through pipe 28 from the tender of the locomotive, so that the water may enter the water chambers. The feed water of the injector as shown enters the water chamber at surrounding the exhaust steam cone 8 from above. This way of feeding the water from above influences the operation of the injector and many tests have shown that the injector will operate more easily and efiiciently and is more easily started with such an arrangement than with the known arrangements where the water is supplied from below the annular space 1.

An exhauststeam injector by virtue of the fact that it contains a greater number of cones, also has a greater constructional length from end to end. Moreover it is well known that a strict coincidence of the axes of the several cones is necessary to ensure a good working of the same. Now it has been found that though it is of utmost importance that the live steam nozzle 7, the

exhaust steam nozzle 8 and the mixing nozzle 9 adjacent to it, have strictly coincident axes and that the same condition exists as regards the collecting cone 11 and the delivery cone 12. Such a strict coincidence of the axes of the mixing nozzles 9 and 10 and of the collecting nozzle 11 is.not vital. as the injector is not as sensitive against small inaccuracies at this place, as it is against the smallest inaccuracy at another place. This fact, which .we have discovered, therefore allows to divide the injector in such a mannerthat each of the two parts contains the nozzles which should have a strict coincidence of the axes. The remaining nozzles may then be located in the oneor the other part as the case may be. The division of the casing istherefore made in such a manner,-that one part 1 contains the cones 7, 8 and 9 while the other part 2 contains the cones 11 and 12. The cone 10 may be located in either part.

This division ofthe injector has the great advantage that each of the two parts of the injectors the threads or guides of the cones may be turned or bored from one side only, whereby a much greater accuracy in the coincidence of the axes of the boreholes or screw-threads may be obtained for the several nozzles just at the places, where such accuracy is required.

The modification of the apparatus shown in F ig 2 is in most respects similar to that shown in Fig. 1. It differs from it, however in the location and arrangement of the exhaust steam control valve. 18 which issituatet below the exhaust steam shut-elf valve and is capable of lifting the same by means of the spindle or projection'attached to it. The non-return valve forming the 'exhaust steam admission valve is kept on its seat by its own weight, which may be convcnicntlv adjusted by filling its central bore with particles of heavy material. The aperture 19 in this case leads directly to the steam chamber 3 and not only to an admis sion room. j

Likewise the auxiliary live steam pipe 20 carrying the live steam capable of substituting the exhaust steam. if need be, discharges directly into the steam chamber 8. It is also to the live steam cone 7 and the arrangement may be thus that live steam in greater quantities only enters the cone, when the valve 25 has been moved against 1ts seat.

- The operation of the improved injector is the following: Assuming that feeding of the boiler through the injector should take. place during the -astoppage of the en-.-

gine, the distributing member 21 is brought in the position shown in which the live steam pipe 16 is shut off. Then the steam admission valve '29 for the steam from the boiler is opened. The live steam from the boiler then enters the main live steam pipe 22 and from there flows to thedive steam cone 7., In the arrangement according to Fig. 1 the said live steam will penetrate through the passage 23 and act upon the non-return valve '25 thereby opening the water admission'valve 27.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 the live steam on its way to the steam cone 7 will immediately act upon the water admission control valve 25. Moreover live steam will also enter the auxiliary live steam pipe 20 but with reduced pressure as it is throttled by the reduction of the cross section at the entrance of said pipe and from there penetrates to the steam chamber 3, from whence it will pass into the exhaust steam nozzle 8 and intothe mixing nozzle 10. In that part of the steam chamber which lies behind the live steam cone a depression Will prevail during the workhas to take place during the running of the engine, the distributing member 21 is lurought into the position, whereit blocks the entrance to the auxiliary steam pipe 20 but trees the pressure pipe 16. It now the steam valve 29 is opened then thesteam "from the boiler will penetrate to the live steam cone 7 through pipe 22 as before, but

will now enter the pressure pipe 16 and penetrate to thechamber 17. The pressure of the live steam now acting on the exhaust steam controlling valve 18 this valve will be moved against its seat and will thereby open the exhaust steam admission valve 1:), thus permitting the admission of exhaust steam to the steam chamber. The working of the injector itself is well known in the art and need not be described. lVe do not limit ourselves to the modifications shown asthe various parts of the invention may be modified in various ways without departing from the essence of the invention.

\Vhat we claim is: I v

1. An injector of the character described comprising an exhaust steam cone, an .exhaust steam branch, a non-return valve opening into the exhaust steam branch for controlling the admission of exhaust steam therefrom to said exhaust steam cone, :1 second non-return valve co-operating with the first said valve and capable. of transmitting its movement thereto, and means for subjecting saidsecond non-return valve to the action of live steam pressure.

2. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone. a steam chamber in communication with the exhaust steam cone. means to 'supply said steamv chamber with exhaust steam comprising an exhaust steam branch and an exhaust steam admission chamber.

amon-return valve for controlling the ad- .first said steam chamber and opening int said exhaust steam admission chamber, a second non-return valve cooperating with the first said valve and adapted to control the same, and a separate pressure branch-to apply the pressure of the live steam to said second non-return valve for operating it.

3. In an injector of the character described, a live steam'cone and an exhaust steam cone,'means for alternately supplying live steam and exhaust steam to said exhaust steam cone, a non-return valve control- Cfl tion with the exhaust steam cone, a main live steam branch for supplying the live steam cone with live steam, an exhaust steam branch for supplying exhaust steam to said chamber, an auxiliary live steam branch for admitting live steam to said chamber, a non-return exhaust steam admission valve for controlling the admission of exhaust steam to said chamber and a second non-return valve controlling the exhaust steam valve, a pressure pipe arranged to carry live steam' to said second valve, and a distributing member for allowing only alternate admission of live steam to said pressure pipe and to said auxiliary live steam branch.

In an injector of the character .described, an exhaust steam cone and means'to supply it with exhaust steam, a non-return valve to control the admission of exhaust steam. a second non-return valve cooperating therewith and operated by live steam pressure, each non-return valve forming a stop for the other when resting upon its seat.

6. Inan injector of the character described, an exhaust steam cone and means to supply live steam and exhaust steam thereto. a non-return valve for controlling the admission of exhaust steam to said cone, a'pressure pipe, means for admitting live steam alternately to said pressure pipe and to the exhaust cone, :1. second non-return valve arranged within said pressure pipe and coopcrating with the first non-return valve, each non-return valve forming a stop for the other when resting upon its seat.

7. In an injector of the character described, an exhaust steam cone and a steam chamber communicating therewith, said steam chamber being in its turn in communication with an exhaust steam supply branch, a non-return valve within said exhaust steam branch and opening into the same, a pressure pipe leading to an opening in communication with said steam chamber, and a controlling non-return valve within said pressure pipe cooperating with the first non-return valve and closing said communication when live steam pressure is applied to the pressure pipe. 1

8. In an injector of the character described, an exhaust steam cone and a steam chamber communicating therewith, an exhauststeam branch leading to said steam chamber, a pressure branch leading to an opening adapted to communicate with said steam chamber, a noiri'cturn valve within the exhaust steam branch andopening into the same, a second non-returnvalve, operated by the live steam pressure within said pressure branch and adapted to control said opening, saic valve cooperating with and adapted to open said first non-return valve when it is closed and close the communication of the pressure branch with the steam chamber when the first non-return valve is opened.

9. In an injector of the character desc'ibed, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a main live steam branch for supplying live steam to said live steam cone, a water chamber and a valve controlling the admission of water to said chamber, and a second valve controlled by the steam pressure in the main live steam branch for controlling the operation of said water admission valve.

10. In an injector of the character described, an exhaust steam cone and a steam chamber communicating therewith, ,an exhaust steam branch leading to said steam chamber, a pressure pipe leading to said steam chamber, a nonreturn valve adapted for shutting off the steam chamber from said exhaust branch, :1. second non-return valve adapted for shutting off. the pressure pipe from said steam chamber both non-return valves being arranged to cooperate with each other and each forming a stop for the other when resting upon its seat.

11. In an injector of the character described, an exhaust steam cone and a steam chamber communicating therewith, an exhaust steam branch and a pressure branch both adapted to communicate with said steam chamber, a non-return valve opening into said exhaust steam branch adapted to shut the communication between the same and the steam chamber, a second non-return valve adapted to shut the communication between the pressure pipe and the steam chamber, both non-return valves cooperating with each other and adapted to form a stop for the other when pressed against their seats.

12. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a main live steam branch for supplying live steam to said live steam cone, a water chamber surrounding said exhaust steam cone, a valve for controlling the admission of water to said chamber, a second valve exposed to the steam pressure of said live steam branch, and an operative connection between the two valves for providing a positive control for the opening movement of the water admission valve when the controlling valve is exposed to the live steam pressure. p

13. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam-cone, a main live steam branch for supplying live steam to; said live steam cone, a'water chambersurrounding said exhaust steamcone, a valve for controlling the admission of water to said chamber, an opening establishing a communication between said live steam branch and the water chamber, a second valve for controlling said open-- ing exposed to the steam pressure in the live steam branch, and an operative connection between the two valves for providing a positive control of the opening movement of the water admission valve under the influence of the steam pressure in the live steam branch.

14.. In an injector of the kind described,- a

' live-steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a live steam branch to supply live steam to operative connection between said 'control when the controlling valve is moved to the position for closing the opening leading to r valve, said valve shutting the communicascribed, a live steam cone'and an exhaust said live steam cone, a water chamber surrounding the exhaust steam cone and a valve forcontrolling the admission of water to said water chamber, an opening establishing a communication between said live steam branch and said water chamber, a controlling valve exposed to the steam pressure in the live steam branch for said opening betweensaid live steam branch and the Water chamber, said valve adapted to close said opening when the steam pressure in the live steamjbranch exceeds a certain value and an ling valve and said water admission valve adapted to positively open the latter..valve the water chamber.

15. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a Water chamber surrounding the exhaust steam cone, and a water inlet opening into said chamber above the axis of the exhaust steam cone. I

16. In an injector of the character desteam cone, a live steam branch for supplying live steam to said llve steam cone, a water chamber surrounding the exhaust steam cone, a water inlet opening into said chamber I above the axis of the exhaust steam cone, a water admission valve controlling said opening, and means controlled by the steam pressure in said live steam branch to open said water admission valve. 17. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a steam chamber in communication with said exhaust steam cone, means for supplying said steam chamber with ex-' haust steam, a pressure pipe, a pipe adapted to be supplied with high pressure steam leading to a chamber communicating with said steam chamber, means for controlling the supply of steam to said chamber and said steam chumber in communication therepressure steam in said pressure pipe for closing the communication for the exhaust steam leading to the steam chamber, when scribed, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a steam chamber in communication with said exhaust steam cone, means for supplying said chamber with exhaust steam, a pressure pipe adapted to be supplied with live steam leading to a room communicating with. said steam chamber, means for controlling the communication with said pressure pipe, and means controlled by. the steam pressure in said pressure pipe for closing the communication between the same and the, room leading to the steam chamber, when steam pressure. is admitted to the pipe.

19.. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a steam chamber in communication with said exhaust'steam cone, means to supply said steam chamber with exhaust steam, an exhaust steam admission valve for controlling the admission of exhaust steam to the steam chamber, ,a pressure pipe in communication with the live steam supply and means for controlling said supply, said pressure pipe leading to a room in communication With the steam chamber, a chamber within said pressure pipe containing a valve capable of shutting off thecommunicationl with the steam chamber, and being in operative connection with the exhaust steam steam pressure cooperating therewith, each valve forming a stop for the other valve when resting upon ltsseat, the said second valve being only capable of being moved a ainst its seat when the steam pressure applled to its surface exceeds the amount of constant mechanical force applied on the first valve.

21. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a steam chamber in communication with said exhaust steam cone, an exhaust' steam admission valve for controlling the exhaust steam supply to said steam chamber, said valve being held against its seat by constant mechanical force, a pressure pipe leading to said steam chamber and capable of being supplied with live steam under pressure, a controlling valve within said pressure pipe, adapted to shut the com munication with the steam chamber, said controlling valve cooperating with the exhaust steam valve in such a manner that each of the valves forms a stop for-the other valve, when resting upon its seat and being only able to shut the communication with the steam chamber, when the steam pressure in the pressure pipe and applied to its surface exceeds the amount of constant mechanical force applied on the exhaust steam valve.

'22. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a live steam branch leading to said live steam cone, a water chamber surrounding the exhaust steam cone, a chamber containing a steam pressure operated member controlling the water admission to said water chamber and a passage between said ive steam branch and said chamber through which steam pressure can be applied to said member.

23. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, alive steam branch leading to said live steam cone, awater chamber surrounding the exhaust steam cone, a chamber containing a controlling member and a passage between the live steam branch and said chamber to allow the application of live steam pressure to said member, the wall of said chambers having a passage betwen said chamber and the water chamber, said controlling member being adapted to shut said passage and to simultaneously open the water admission to said water chamber.

24:. In an injector of the character described, a live steam cone and an exhaust steam cone, a live steam branch leading to said live steam cone, a water chamber surrounding the exhaust steam cone, a water admission valve controlling the water admission to said water chamber, a chamber containing a steam pressure controlled nonreturn valve in operative connection with said water admission valve, a passage between said live steam branch and said chamber to allow live steam under pressure to enter into said chamber, the wall of said chambers having an opening, between said valve containing chamber and the water chamber, said valve being capable of shutting said opening and of simultaneously opening the water admission valve, when steam pressure is admitted to said chamber.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

LOUIS FRIEDMANN. EMANUEL BLAUHORN. HANS DEUTSCH. Witnesses CARL CoNWnNLING, Lonwic BURIANO. 

